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This work was supported by La Caixa Health #LCF/PR/HR22/52420017, the Spanish 'Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (MICIU), Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI)' (PID2020-120029GB-I00/MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, RD21/0009/0019), the Spanish 'Instituto de Salud Carlos III, RETICS-RTA' (#RD12/0028/0023), the 'Generalitat de Catalunya, AGAUR' (#2017 SGR-669), 'La Marato de TV3' #20221830, 'ICREA-Academia' (#2015) and the Spanish 'Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, 'Plan Nacional Sobre Drogas of the Spanish Ministry of Health' (#PNSD-2017I068) to RM, 'Plan Nacional Sobre Drogas of the Spanish Ministry of Health' (#PNSD-2019I006, #PNSD-2023I040) and Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (ERA-NET) PCI2021-122073-2A to EM-G. Spanish-MINECO (#SAF2017-84060-R-AEI/FEDER-UE) to LD-R, Spanish 'Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades' (#RTI2018-100968-B-100, #PID2021-127776OB-I00), 'AGAUR-Generalitat de Catalunya' (#2017-SGR-738, #2021-SGR-01093) and Spanish 'Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, 'Plan Nacional Sobre Drogas of the Spanish Ministry of Health' (#PNSD-2017I050) to BC, 'Plan Nacional Sobre Drogas of the Spanish Ministry of Health' (#PNSD-2020I042) to NF-C and the European Regional Development Fund (project No 01.2.2-LMT-K-718-03-0099) under grant agreement with the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT) to AB. The research leading to these results has also received funding from the European Union H2020 Program [H2020/2014-2020] under grant agreements Nos 667302 (CoCA), 643051 (MiND) and 728018 (Eat2beNICE), 'La Marato de TV3' #20221831 and from the Catalan Government (ICREA Academia Award 2021) to BC. JC-D was supported by the H2020 CoCA and Eat2beNICE projects and EG-G by projects of the Spanish Ministries (#PNSD-2020I042 and #PID2021-127776OB-I00). This work was partially supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the projects PI20/01090 and PI23/00575 to JM-P and PI18/01022 and PI21/01361 to JMF-R (co-funded by European Regional Development Fund. "A way to make Europe"). It was also supported through the project CNS2023-144218 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR to JM-P. The work has also received funding from "la Caixa" Foundation under the grant agreement LCF/PR/HR22/52420017 and support from Generalitat de Catalunya (ICREA Academia Award 2021 and 2021 SGR 01263) to JMF-R. IDIBGI is a CERCA centre from the 'CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.

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Gut microbiota signatures of vulnerability to food addiction in mice and humans

Publicated to:Gut. - 2024-06-26 (), DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331445

Authors: Samulenaite, Solveiga; Garcia-Blanco, Alejandra; Mayneris-Perxachs, Jordi; Domingo-Rodriguez, Laura; Cabana-Dominguez, Judit; Fernandez-Castillo, Noelia; Gago-Garcia, Edurne; Pineda-Cirera, Laura; Burokas, Aurelijus; Espinosa-Carrasco, Jose; Arboleya, Silvia; Latorre, Jessica; Stanton, Catherine; Hosomi, Koji; Kunisawa, Jun; Cormand, Bru; Fernandez-Real, Jose Manuel; Maldonado, Rafael; Martin-Garcia, Elena

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Abstract

Objective Food addiction is a multifactorial disorder characterised by a loss of control over food intake that may promote obesity and alter gut microbiota composition. We have investigated the potential involvement of the gut microbiota in the mechanisms underlying food addiction.Design We used the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) 2.0 criteria to classify extreme food addiction in mouse and human subpopulations to identify gut microbiota signatures associated with vulnerability to this disorder.Results Both animal and human cohorts showed important similarities in the gut microbiota signatures linked to food addiction. The signatures suggested possible non-beneficial effects of bacteria belonging to the Proteobacteria phylum and potential protective effects of Actinobacteria against the development of food addiction in both cohorts of humans and mice. A decreased relative abundance of the species Blautia wexlerae was observed in addicted humans and of Blautia genus in addicted mice. Administration of the non-digestible carbohydrates, lactulose and rhamnose, known to favour Blautia growth, led to increased relative abundance of Blautia in mice faeces in parallel with dramatic improvements in food addiction. A similar improvement was revealed after oral administration of Blautia wexlerae as a beneficial microbe.Conclusion By understanding the crosstalk between this behavioural alteration and gut microbiota, these findings constitute a step forward to future treatments for food addiction and related eating disorders.

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